According to Johnson & Scholes, strategy is: “the direction & scope of an organization over the long-term which achieves competitive advantage through configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfill stakeholder expectations”. Thus, “being strategic” means consistently making those directional choices that will best move you toward your desired future.
According to Schultz & Doeer, “branding is the collection of perceptions about an entity.” Wikipedia defines marketing strategy as the “direction set that drives yet bounds the organization’s resources on a course of action which can lead to increased sales in targeted customer segments via an optimal marketing mix of product, price, placement & promotion.
Coined in the 1980s, enterprise architecture (EA) is a conceptual blueprint that categorizes and aligns an organization’s business processes and information technology assets through an integrated portfolio of viewpoints. The intent of enterprise architecture is to determine and communicate how an organization can most effectively achieve its objectives through digital technologies.
According to Palepu’s Business Analysis & Valuation, equity security analysis is the evaluation of a firm and its prospects from the perspective of a current or potential investor in the firm’s common shares. There are numerous business analysis & valuation frameworks and tools: financial ratio analysis, cash flow analysis, discounted free cash flow models, etc…
Product Management refers to the role and function within an organization that is responsible for a product’s overall success. Product Managers work with customers and become experts in the market, technology and competition so that they can define a strategy and vision for a product and then work with engineering to ensure it is delivered. They also work with operations, executives, sales, support and other groups to make sure all aspects of the product are aligned to succeed (e.g., product features, warranty, channel sales strategy, etc.)